ABSTRACT
Historically, women have been known for their role as housewives and were held responsible for children´s education. This has changed throughout the years, and they have modified their role in our society. Nowadays, in developed countries, 50% of the working population is represented by women of reproductive age. An important number of these women end up pregnant, and most of them are willing to keep their jobs after delivery. This is the main reason why pregnancy should not compromise their employment or economic stability.
Several international treaties have been signed to defend women, improve their health and reduce child mortality. Even when most countries have developed measures to protect and defend maternity, there is still, a strong difference comparing legislations in this matter, between developed and non-developed countries like Mexico.
This is why it is essential to get to know and analyze the main legal dispositions and regulations about maternity issues and protection. We must be aware of the differences in legislation between Mexico and other countries that might influence our own country secondary to sociocultural, commercial and financial exchange. There have been clear and evident improvements related to women´s health and maternity matters in the past 15 years. These include longer periods of rest after delivery and making the employer responsible for financing maternity leave.
Key words: maternity leave, family and medical leave, employment insurance.
RÉSUMÉ
Dans la plupart des pays, les femmes en âge de procréer représentent environ 50% de la population active et une quantité considérable d’entre eux tombent enceintes, ce qui llleva temporairement congé de maternité. Dans le cadre de la culture médicale est important de comprendre et d’analyser les principales dispositions juridiques de la législation sur la protection de la maternité au Mexique et d’autres pays. Au cours des 15 dernières années, il y a eu des améliorations considérables dans la protection de la maternité, avec de longues périodes de repos au cours de la période du post-partum.
Mots-clés: congé de maternité, l’invalidité, la grossesse et le travail.
RESUMO
Na maioria dos países, as mulheres em idade reprodutiva representam cerca de 50% da força de trabalho e uma quantidade considerável deles engravidar, fato que leva temporariamente a licença de maternidade. Como parte da cultura médica é importante para compreender e analisar as principais disposições legais da legislação sobre a proteção da maternidade no México e em outros países. Nos últimos 15 anos, houve melhorias consideráveis na proteção da maternidade, com longos períodos de descanso durante o período pós-parto.
Palavras-chave: licença de maternidade, invalidez, a gravidez e parto.
