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ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034


Indizada en: SciELO, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, LILACS, Medline
Editada por la Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia, y Ginecologia AC
Fundada por la Asociación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia en 1945
 

INFORMACIÓN EXCLUSIVA PARA LOS PROFESIONALES DE LA SALUD


Periodicidad: continua
Abreviatura: Ginecol Obstet Mex
ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034
Indizada en: Scimago, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, Lilacs, Medline, Science Citation Index, Ulrich, Ebsco.

Combinación de riesgo: COVID-19 y preeclampsia. Serie de casos y revisión bibliográfica

Risk combination: COVID-19 and preeclampsia. Case series and literature review.

Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2021; 89 (8): 622-634.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v89i8.5512

Brenda Martínez-González,1,2 Natalia Garza-Reséndez,1,2 Nancy Yaneth Contreras-Garza,1,2 Diego González-Oropeza1,2

1 Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Regional Materno Infantil, Guadalupe, Nuevo León, México.
2 Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.


Corrrespondencia:

Diego González Oropeza
dgo.oropeza@gmail.co

Debe citarse como:

Martínez-González B, Garza-Reséndez N, Contreras-Garza NY, González-Oropeza D. Combinación de riesgo: COVID-19 y preeclampsia. Serie de casos y revisión bibliográfica. Ginecol Obstet Mex 2021; 89 (8): 622-634. https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v89i8.5512

Resumen

OBJETIVO: Reportar cuatro casos de pacientes embarazadas infectadas con COVID-19 y, además, preeclampsia que tuvieron evoluciones tórpidas y desenlaces desfavorables. Revisar la bibliografía para conocer la prevalencia de ambas enfermedades y sus similitudes, poder diferenciarlas y evaluar el tratamiento más adecuado.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de la bibliografía relacionada con embarazo, COVID-19 y preeclampsia.

RESULTADOS: Se reportaron cuatro casos de pacientes embarazadas, con diagnóstico de infección por COVID-19, con evolución tórpida y complicaciones: eclampsia, accidente cerebrovascular, síndrome de HELLP, lesión renal aguda, coagulación intravascular diseminada, neumonía, muerte de la madre y del feto. Esto evidencia que las mujeres embarazadas con ambas enfermedades pueden resultar con complicaciones severas y riesgo de muerte elevado.

CONCLUSIONES: La coexistencia de preeclampsia y COVID-19 plantea un reto diagnóstico en virtud de que los datos clínicos, de laboratorio y de fisiopatología son similares. A todas las mujeres con embarazo de alto riesgo y a quienes acuden con síntomas sugerentes de preeclampsia debiera hacérseles una prueba de PCR  para evitar retrasos en el diagnóstico.

PALABRAS CLAVE: COVID-19; preeclampsia; eclampsia; síndrome de HELLP; SARS-COV-2; coronavirus.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To present cases of pregnant women with COVID-19 and preeclampsia that showed torpid evolution and unfavorable outcomes. As well as a review of the literature to know the prevalence of both pathologies and their similarities, to be able to differentiate them and to evaluate the most appropriate management.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search was performed in databases, finding 120 articles, of which a total of 33 articles were included for the literature review.

RESULTS: We report four cases of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection and preeclampsia who presented torpid evolutions with complications such as eclampsia, stroke, HELLP syndrome, acute kidney injury, DIC, pneumonia, maternal death and fetal death. This shows that pregnant women with these two pathologies can present severe complications where morbidity and risk of death are high.

CONCLUSIONS: The presence of preeclampsia and COVID-19 represents a diagnostic challenge due to similar clinical, laboratory and pathophysiology data. PCR testing should be considered for all women with high-risk pregnancies and those presenting with symptoms suggestive of preeclampsia to avoid delay in diagnosis.

KEYWORDS: COVID-19; Preeclampsia; Eclampsia; HELLP syndrome; SARS-COV-2; Coronavirus.

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