Logo
Logo


ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034


Indizada en: SciELO, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, LILACS, Medline
Editada por la Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia, y Ginecologia AC
Fundada por la Asociación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia en 1945
 

INFORMACIÓN EXCLUSIVA PARA LOS PROFESIONALES DE LA SALUD


Periodicidad: continua
Abreviatura: Ginecol Obstet Mex
ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034
Indizada en: Scimago, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, Lilacs, Medline, Science Citation Index, Ulrich, Ebsco.

Desenlaces en ciclos de transferencia con embriones vitrificados: análisis de dos esquemas de preparación endometrial

Results in cycles of frozen-thawed embryo transfer: Analysis of two protocols of endometrial preparation.

Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2020; 88 (9): 575-585.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v88i9.3865

José Juan Guerrero-Vargas,1 Juan Carlos Barros-Delgadillo2

1 Residente de sexto año de Biología de la Reproducción Humana.
2 Adscrito al Departamento de Ginecología Reproductiva.
Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México.


Corrrespondencia:
Debe citarse como:

Guerrero-Vargas JJ, Barros-Delgadillo JC. Desenlaces en ciclos de transferencia con embriones vitrificados: análisis de dos esquemas de preparación endometrial. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2020; 88 (9): 575-585. https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v88i9.3865

Resumen

OBJETIVO: Comparar la tasa de recién nacido vivo con la de embarazo clínico-transferencia embrionaria, las características clínicas y concentraciones hormonales entre dos esquemas de preparación endometrial para transferencia de embriones desvitrificados: con un agonista de GnRH versus su sustitución con dosis altas de estrógenos.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, de cohorte histórica, efectuado en pacientes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología en protocolo FIV-ICSI entre enero 2017-marzo 2019. Se compararon dos esquemas de preparación endometrial: grupo A con agonista de GnRH y grupo B con estradiol a dosis de 8 mg al día sin agonista de GnRH. A todas las pacientes se les tomaron muestras de sangre para determinación de FSH, LH, estradiol y progesterona y se dio seguimiento ultrasonográfico durante la preparación endometrial.

RESULTADOS: En 99 pacientes entre 23 y 42 años, con embriones congelados, la tasa de recién nacido vivo-transferencia embrionaria fue, respectivamente, de 17.2 y 8.6% (OR 1.98; IC95%: 077-1.53) y la de embarazo clínico de 26.5 y 22.8% (OR1.09; IC95%: 0.77-1.53) en los grupos A y B, respectivamente. La duración total del ciclo, los días con estrógenos y la concentración sérica de estradiol al inicio de la progesterona alcanzaron diferencia significativa entre los grupos. No se detectaron datos clínicos ni de laboratorio sugerentes de ovulación.

CONCLUSIONES: La tasa de recién nacido vivo fue mayor con agonistas de GnRH sin alcanzar significación; sin embargo, la preparación endometrial solo con estrógenos es un esquema seguro, de menor costo y más amigable para la paciente y el médico.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Embriones vitrificados; tasa de embarazo; agonistas de GnRH; estradiol; endometrio; estrógenos; transferencia de embriones; recién nacido.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare the rate of live newborn with clinical pregnancy-embryo transfer, clinical characteristics and hormonal concentrations between two endometrial preparation schemes for devitrified embryo transfer: with a GnRH agonist (aGnRH) versus its replacement with high doses of estrogens.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Historical cohort observational study conducted in patients treated at the National Institute of Perinatology under IVF-ICSI protocol between January 2017-March 2019. Two endometrial preparation schemes were compared: group A with GnRH agonist and group B with estradiol at 8 mg per day without aGnRH. All patients had blood samples taken for FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone determination and ultrasonographic follow-up during endometrial preparation.

RESULTS: in 99 patients between 23 and 42 years of age, with frozen embryos, the live birth-embryo transfer rate was 17.2 and 8.6%, (OR 1.98; CI95%: 077-1.53) and the clinical pregnancy rate was 26.5 and 22.8% (OR1.09; CI95%: 0.77-1.53) in groups a and b, respectively. total cycle length, estrogen days and serum estradiol concentration at the beginning of progesterone reached significant difference between groups. no clinical or laboratory data suggesting ovulation were detected.

CONCLUSIONS: The rate of live newborn was higher with GnRH agonists without reaching significance; however, endometrial preparation with estrogens alone is a safe, lower cost and more patient- and physician-friendLy scheme.

KEYWORDS: Newborn; Pregnancy embryo transfer; GnRH agonists; Estradiol; Endometrium, estrogens, embryonic structures, embryo transfer; Frozen embryos; Pregnancy rate.

    1. Vidal C, Giles J. Preparación endometrial para transferencia de embriones congelados. En: Remohí J, y col. Manual práctico de esterilidad y reproducción humana. Madrid: Editorial Médica Panamericana, 2017; 607-13.
    2. Shapiro BS, et al. Clinical rationale for cryopreservation of entire embryo cohorts in lieu of fresh transfer. Fertil Steril 2014; 102 (1): 3-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.018
    3. European IVF-Monitoring Consortium (EIM), et al. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2011: results generated from European registers by ESHRE. Hum Reprod 2016; 31 (2): 233-48. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dev319
    4. Alur-Gupta S, et al. Impact of method of endometrial preparation for frozen blastocyst transfer on pregnancy outcome: a retrospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 2018; 110 (4): 680-86. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.013
    5. Mackens S, et al. Frozen embryo transfer: a review on the optimal endometrial preparation and timing. Hum Reprod 2017; 32 (11): 2234-42. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dex285
    6. Casper RF, Yanushpolsky EH. Optimal endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer cycles: window of implantation and progesterone support. Fertil Steril 2016; 105 (4): 867-72. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.01.006
    7. Samsami A, et al. Frozen thawed embryo transfer cycles. A comparison of pregnancy outcomes with and without prior pituitary suppression by gnRH agonist: An RCT. Int J Reprod BioMed 2018; 16 (9): 587-94. PMCID: PMC6312713
    8. Kabodmehri R, et al. Transdermal estrogen (oestrogel) for endometrial preparation in freeze embryo transfer cycle: An RCT. Int J Reprod BioMed 2018; 16 (1): 51-56. PMCID: PMC5899770
    9. Azimi Nekoo E, et al. Artificial endometrial preparation for frozen-thawed embryo transfer with or without pretreatment with depot gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist in women with regular menses. J Family Reprod Health 2015; 9: 1-4. PMCID: PMC4405510
    10. Barros-Delgadillo JC, Castillo-Ruiz AK. Resultados de los ciclos con transferencia de embriones desvitrificados: experiencia institucional de seis años. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2017; 85 (7): 421-32.
    11. Groenewoud ER, et al. What is the optimal means of preparing the endometrium in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2013; 19 (5): 458-70. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmt030
    12. Simon A, et al. Transfer of frozen-thawed embryos in artificially prepared cycles with and without prior gonadotrophin- releasing hormone agonist suppression: a prospective randomized study. Hum Reprod 1998; 13 (10): 2712-17. doi: 10.1093/humrep/13.10.2712
    13. Dal Prato L, et al. Endometrial preparation for frozen-thawed embryo transfer with or without pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Fertil Steril 2002; 77 (5): 956-60. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)02960-6
    14. Glujovsky D, et al. Endometrial preparation for women undergoing embryo transfer with frozen embryos or embryos derived from donor oocytes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue1. Art.No.. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006359.pub2
    15. Ghobara T, et al. Cycle regimens for frozen-thawed embryo transfer. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017; Issue 7. Art. No.: CD003414. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003414.pub3
    16. El-Toukhy T, et al. Pituitary suppression in ultrasound-monitored frozen embryo replacement cycles. A randomized study. Hum Reprod 2004; 19 (4): 874-79. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deh183
    17. Madani T, et al. Live birth rates after different endometrial preparation methods in frozen cleavage-stage embryo transfer cycles: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 299 (4): 1185-91. doi: 10.1007/s00404-019-05062-7
    18. Gelbaya TA, et al. Cryopreserved-thawed embryo transfer in natural or down-regulated hormonally controlled cycles: a retrospective study. Fertil Steril 2006; 85 (3): 603-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.09.015
    19. Hill MJ, et al. A GnRH agonist and exogenous hormone stimulation protocol has a higher live-birth rate than a natural endogenous hormone protocol for frozen-thawed blastocyst-stage embryo transfer cycles: an analysis of 1391 cycles. Fertil Steril 2010; 93 (2): 416-22. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.11.027
    20. Movahedi S, et al. Endometrial preparation for women undergoing embryo transfer frozen-thawed embryo transfer with and without pretreatment with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists. J Family Reprod Health 2018; 12 (4): 191-96. PMCID: PMC6581662.
    21. Niu Z, et al. Long-term pituitary downregulation before frozen embryo transfer could improve pregnancy outcomes in women with adenomyosis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013; 29 (12): 1026-30. doi: 10.3109/09513590.2013.824960
    22. Kalem Z, et al. Methods for endometrial preparation in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2016; 17: 168-72. doi: 10.5152/jtgga.2016.15214
    23. Groenewoud ER, et al. Programming the endometrium for deferred transfer of cryopreserved embryos: hormone replacement versus modified natural cycles. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (5): 768-74. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.02.135
    24. El-Toukhy T, et al. The relationship between endometrial thickness and outcome of medicated frozen embryo replacement cycles. Fertil Steril 2008; 89 (4): 832-39. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.04.031
    25. Niu Z, et al. Estrogen level monitoring in artificial frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles using step-up regime without pituitary suppression: is it necessary? J Exp Clin Assist Reprod 2008; 5 (4): 1-5. doi: 10.1186/1743-1050-5-4

Comentarios