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ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034

Indizada en: SciELO, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, LILACS, Medline
Editada por la Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia, y Ginecologia AC
Fundada por la Asociación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia en 1945
 

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INFORMACIÓN EXCLUSIVA PARA LOS PROFESIONALES DE LA SALUD

Periodicidad: continua
Abreviatura: Ginecol Obstet Mex
ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034
Indizada en: Scimago, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, Lilacs, Medline, Science Citation Index, Ulrich, Ebsco.

Artículo original

Preeclampsia como factor de riesgo de padecer insuficiencia renal crónica y años de supervivencia

Preeclampsia as a risk factor for chronic renal failure and survival years.

Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2021; 89 (6): 444-452.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v89i6.4664

Adriana Galván-Luna,1 Cynthia Jazmín Peña-Vega,1 Elba Onelida Medina-Hernández,2 Berenice Zavala-Barrios3

1 Residente de cuarto año de Ginecología y Obstetricia.
2 Médica adscrita al servicio de Nefrología.
3 Médica adscrita al servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia.
Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de México.


Corrrespondencia:

Berenice Zavala Barrios
berecuacuazu@hotmail.com

Debe citarse como:

Galván-Luna A, Peña-Vega CJ, Medina-Hernández EO, Zavala-Barrios B. Preeclampsia como factor de riesgo de padecer insuficiencia renal crónica y años de supervivencia. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2021; 89 (6): 444-452. https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v89i6.4664

Resumen

OBJETIVO: Determinar los años de supervivencia en las pacientes con antecedente de preeclampsia y posterior enfermedad renal crónica.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, comparativo y analítico efectuado entre los meses de marzo de 2018 a marzo de 2019 en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga y en seguimiento por embarazo y diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica y antecedente de preeclampsia en alguno de los embarazos.

RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 66 pacientes con preeclampsia, con edad promedio de 23.7 años y media de 37.9 años al diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal crónica. Posterior al evento de preeclampsia 60.6% tuvieron hipertensión arterial sistémica (RM de 3.34; IC95%: 0.94-11.95) e iniciaron con insuficiencia renal crónica. La supervivencia Kaplan-Meier en asociación con la insuficiencia renal crónica posterior a preeclampsia fue de 9.9 años (IC95%: 7.8-1.8).

CONCLUSIONES: Pese a estar demostrada la relación entre antecedente de preeclampsia y enfermedad renal crónica los estudios aún son limitados. La supervivencia Kaplan-Meier arroja que, por lo menos, el 50% de las pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica tuvieron preeclampsia y a los 9.9 años siguientes se les diagnosticó enfermedad renal crónica. Con base en este estudio y la evidencia internacional puede concluirse que lo primordial es la atención multidisciplinaria, priorizar la prevención e incluir a la preeclampsia como factor de riesgo de enfermedad renal crónica.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Preeclampsia; embarazo; enfermedad renal crónica; insuficiencia renal crónica; factores de riesgo; enfermedad crónica; estudios de seguimiento.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To establish survival years in patients with a history of preeclampsia and subsequent chronic disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive, comparative and analytical study carried out between March 2018 and March 2019 in patients attended at the Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga in follow-up due to pregnancy and diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and history of preeclampsia in any of the pregnancies.

RESULTS: We evaluated 66 patients with preeclampsia, average age 23.7 years, and mean age 37.9 years at diagnosis of chronic renal failure. 60.6% had systemic arterial hypertension following the preeclampsia event (OR of 3.34; 95%CI: 0.94-11.95) and onset of chronic renal failure. Kaplan-Meier survival in association with chronic renal failure following preeclampsia was 9.9 years (95%CI: 7.8 -1.8).

CONCLUSIONS: Although the relationship between a history of preeclampsia and chronic kidney disease has been demonstrated, studies are still limited. Kaplan-Meier survival shows that at least 50% of patients with CKD had preeclampsia and were diagnosed with CKD 9.9 years later. Based on this study and similar outcomes in international evidence, it can be concluded that multidisciplinary care, prioritizing prevention and including preeclampsia as a risk factor for CKD, is essential.

KEYWORDS: Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Chronic kidney disease; Chronic renal failure; Risk factors; Chronic disease; Follow-Up studies.

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