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ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034


Indizada en: SciELO, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, LILACS, Medline
Editada por la Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia, y Ginecologia AC
Fundada por la Asociación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia en 1945
 

INFORMACIÓN EXCLUSIVA PARA LOS PROFESIONALES DE LA SALUD


Periodicidad: continua
Abreviatura: Ginecol Obstet Mex
ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034
Indizada en: Scimago, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, Lilacs, Medline, Science Citation Index, Ulrich, Ebsco.

Riesgo cardiovascular a 10 años según la adiposidad central en el envejecimiento femenino*

A 10-years cardiovascular disease risk using central obesity in aging female.

Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2021; 89 (1): 14-23.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v89i1.3753

Mariano Zacarías-Flores,1 Ixel Venecia González-Herrera,2 Martha A. Sánchez-Rodríguez2

1 División de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Gustavo Baz Prada, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México.
2 Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM, Ciudad de México.
*Trabajo ganador del segundo lugar del Concurso de trabajos de Investigación Clínica Juan Rodríguez Argüelles celebrado en el marco del 69 Congreso Mexicano de Obstetricia y Ginecología.


Corrrespondencia:

Martha A. Sánchez-Rodríguez
masanrod@yahoo.com.mx

Debe citarse como:

Zacarías-Flores M, González-Herrera IV, Sánchez-Rodríguez MA. Riesgo cardiovascular a 10 años según la adiposidad central en el envejecimiento femenino. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2021; 89 (1): 14-23. https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v89i1.3753

Resumen

OBJETIVO: Determinar si la adiposidad central predice el riesgo cardiovascular a 10 años y si cambia durante el envejecimiento.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, analítico, efectuado entre los meses de marzo a agosto de 2019 en la Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza. Criterios de inclusión: mujeres de 40 a 69 años, clínicamente sanas, con diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial pero sin ningún otro padecimiento, sin recibir terapia hormonal ni antioxidante en los 6 meses previos al inicio del estudio. Las participantes se dividieron en tres grupos, conforme a los criterios del STRAW. Variables de estudio: adiposidad central con mediciones antropométricas y riesgo cardiovascular a 10 años, según Framingham. El análisis estadístico incluyó medidas descriptivas, prueba t de Student, ANOVA de un factor, χ2, correlación de Pearson y razón de momios como inferencial.

RESULTADOS: Se reclutaron 558 mujeres: 206 premenopáusicas, 224 con posmenopausia temprana, y 128 con posmenopausia tardía. La prevalencia de sobrepeso-obesidad fue alta en los tres grupos; el riesgo cardiovascular a 10 años aumentó con el envejecimiento reproductivo. Al estratificarlas conforme al estado menopáusico se encontró correlación entre el porcentaje de riesgo cardiovascular, índice cintura-talla (r = 0.434, p < 0.0001) y la circunferencia de la cintura (r = 0.428, p < 0.0001). El índice cintura-talla es un factor de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular (RM = 3.26, IC95%: 1.73-6.12, p < 0.0001) en la premenopausia; en la posmenopausia no hay relación.

CONCLUSIÓN: La adiposidad central obtenida con el índice cintura-talla es factor de riesgo cardiovascular a 10 años en la premenopausia, no en la posmenopausia.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Adiposidad central; riesgo cardiovascular; envejecimiento; gerontología; diabetes mellitus; hipertensión arterial; antioxidantes; obesidad central; posmenopausia.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine if central adiposity predicts 10-year cardiovascular risk and changes across the female reproductive aging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in women recruited from march to august of 2019 in the Research Unit on Gerontology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM. Clinically healthy women aged 40 to 69 years old, with diabetes mellitus and/or arterial hypertension, and no other diseases, without hormonal or antioxidant therapy 6 months before the beginning of the study were included. The women were separated into three groups according to the STRAW criteria. The main variables were central obesity with anthropometric measurements and Framingham 10-year cardiovascular disease risk assessment. Statistical analysis included descriptive measures; and as inferential test: Student’s t test, one-way ANOVA, χ2, Pearson’s correlation and odds ratio.

RESULTS: 558 women were recruited: 206 pre-menopausal, 224 early post-menopausal, and 128 late post-menopausal. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was high in the three groups and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk increase with the reproductive aging. When stratified by menopausal status we found a correlation between cardiovascular risk and waist to height index (r = 0.434, p < 0.0001) and waist circumference (r = 0.428, p < 0.0001), being the waist to height index a risk factor to cardiovascular disease (RM = 3.26, IC95%: 1.73-6.12, p < 0.0001), only in premenopausal women, while in postmenopausal women there is no relation.

CONCLUSION: The central obesity obtained by the waist to height index is a 10-year cardiovascular disease risk factor in premenopausal, but not in postmenopausal women.

KEYWORDS: Central adiposity; Cardiovascular risk; Aging; Gerontology; Diabetes mellitus; Arterial hypertension; Antioxidant; Central obesity; Postmenopuse.

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