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ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034


Indizada en: SciELO, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, LILACS, Medline
Editada por la Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia, y Ginecologia AC
Fundada por la Asociación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia en 1945
 

INFORMACIÓN EXCLUSIVA PARA LOS PROFESIONALES DE LA SALUD


Periodicidad: continua
Abreviatura: Ginecol Obstet Mex
ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034
Indizada en: Scimago, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, Lilacs, Medline, Science Citation Index, Ulrich, Ebsco.

Factores de riesgo clínicos maternos de embarazadas con fiebre intraparto y corioamnionitis

Clinical risk factors maternals of gestants with intrapartal fever and corioamnionitis.

Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2019 noviembre;87(11):718-725.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v87i11.3315

Marta Armas-Roca,1 Azahara Rodríguez-Guedes,1 Daniel González-García Cano,1 Octavio Ramírez-García,2 Alfredo Santana-Rodríguez,3 Manuel Jesús Molina-Cabrillana,4 José Ángel García-Hernández5

1 Facultativo especialista de área de Ginecología y Obstetricia.
2 Jefe de la sección de Obstetricia.
3 Unidad de Genética clínica.
4 Jefe del servicio de Medicina preventiva.
5 Jefe del servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia.
FEAS de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España.


Corrrespondencia:

Marta Armas Roca
Marta_armas@hotmail.com

Debe citarse como:

Armas-Roca M, Rodríguez-Guedes A, González-García Cano D, Ramírez-García O, Santana-Rodríguez A, Molina-Cabrillana MJ, García-Hernández JA. Factores de riesgo clínicos maternos de embarazadas con fiebre intraparto y corioamnionitis. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2019 noviembre;87(11):718-725. https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v87i11.3315

Resumen

OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores de riesgo clínicos maternos de las embarazadas con fiebre intraparto y corioamnionitis.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo (2007-2009) y prospectivo (2010-2012) llevado a cabo en el Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias en el que se identificó a las embarazadas con corioamnionitis o fiebre intraparto. Se incluyeron pacientes con embarazo más o menos mayor de 24 semanas con exudado negativo o positivo y posibilidad de parto. Se excluyeron las muertes fetales anteparto, las pacientes con contraindicación para parto, embarazos múltiples y exudado vaginorrectal para el estreptococo del grupo B desconocido o no valorable. Se estudiaron los factores de riesgo mediante modelos multivariantes de regresión logística, con el método Enter.

RESULTADOS: Se seleccionaron 1856 pacientes con diagnóstico de corioamnionitis y 420 con fiebre intraparto; el resto fue el grupo control. Los factores de riesgo para fiebre intraparto fueron: hábito tabáquico, nuliparidad, inicio del trabajo de parto por inducción, aplicación de oxitocina, analgesia epidural, monitorización interna  y líquido meconial. Para corioamnionitis: hábito tabáquico, nuliparidad, inicio del trabajo de parto por inducción, oxitocina, analgesia epidural, monitorización interna y líquido meconial. Tener cesárea previa actuó como factor protector frente a no tenerla.

CONCLUSIONES: El hábito tabáquico, la nuliparidad, la rotura espontánea de membranas, la inducción del parto, el uso de oxitocina, la administración de la analgesia epidural, la monitorización interna y el líquido meconial, fueron factores de riesgo para la fiebre intraparto y corioamnionitis.

PALABRAS CLAVES: Corioamnionitis; semanas de embarazo; edad gestacional; exudado vaginal; muertes anteparto; embarazo múltiple; edad materna; oxitocina.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the maternal clinical risk factors of pregnant women with intrapartum fever and chorioamnionitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective descriptive observational study (2007-2009) and prospective (2010-2012) conducted in the Canary Islands Maternal and Childhood University Hospital Complex in the identification of pregnant women with chorioamnionitis or intrapartum fever. Patients with gestational age equal to or greater than 24 weeks with negative or positive exudate and possibility of vaginal delivery were included and antepartum fetal deaths, patients with contraindication for vaginal delivery, multiple gestations and vagino-rectal exudate for group B streptococcus unknown or not valuable were excluded. Risk factors were studied using multivariate logistic regression models, using the Enter method.

RESULTS: After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 4831 patients remained in the study. Of these, 1856 patients diagnosed with chorioamnionitis and 420 patients diagnosed with intrapartum fever, the rest was the control group. The risk factors for intrapartum fever and chorioamnionitis, respectively, were smoking,  nulliparity, start of induction labor, oxytocin, epidural analgesia, internal monitoring and meconial fluid. Having a previous caesaren section acted as a protective factor against not having it.

CONCLUSIONS: Smoking, nulliparity, spontaneous rupture of membranes, induction of labor, use of oxytocin, administration of epidural analgesia, internal monitoring and meconium fluid are significant risk factors for intrapartum fever and chorioamnionitis. In addition, the time of dilation is also a risk factor for chorioamnionitis, not for intrapartum fever. Maternal age greater than or equal to 36 years is a protective factor for chorioamnionitis.

KEYWORDS: Chorioamnionitis; Gestational age; Vaginal delivery; Antepartum fetal deaths; Multiple gestations; Maternal age; Oxytocin.

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