RESUMEN

El embarazo ectópico abdominal es una anomalía excepcional que representa 1% de los embarazos ectópicos; se asocia con alta morbilidad y mortalidad materna y fetal. El riesgo de mortalidad materna es 7 a 8 veces mayor que el de un embarazo ectópico tubario y es 90 veces mayor que el de un embarazo intrauterino. Se trata de un cuadro de difícil diagnóstico que, en muchas ocasiones, se establece tardíamente. 

Se reporta el caso de una paciente con un embarazo ectópico abdominal diagnosticado mediante ecografía abdominal en el segundo trimestre. Se trató con éxito mediante laparotomía exploradora con extracción del feto y la placenta completa. Se revisó la bibliografía relacionada con los factores de riesgo de embarazo ectópico abdominal, métodos diagnósticos y opciones terapéuticas.

Palabras clave: embarazo ectópico, embarazo abdominal, diagnóstico, laparotomía.

ABSTRACT

Abdominal ectopic pregnancy is an extremely rare entity, which represents 1% of all ectopic pregnancies and is associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The maternal mortality risk of an abdominal ectopic pregnancy is seven to eight times greater than the risk of a tubal ectopic pregnancy and is 90 times greater than the risk of intrauterine pregnancy. This is a disease of difficult diagnosis that often takes place late. We report the case of a patient with an abdominal ectopic pregnancy, which was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound in the second trimester; the patient was successfully treated with exploratory laparotomy with complete removal of the fetus and placenta. We provide a review of the literature on the risk factors for abdominal ectopic pregnancy, diagnostic tests and therapeutic options.

Key words: Ectopic pregnancy, abdominal pregnancy, diagnostic, laparotomy.