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ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034


Indizada en: SciELO, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, LILACS, Medline
Editada por la Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia, y Ginecologia AC
Fundada por la Asociación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia en 1945
 

INFORMACIÓN EXCLUSIVA PARA LOS PROFESIONALES DE LA SALUD


Periodicidad: continua
Abreviatura: Ginecol Obstet Mex
ISSN: 0300-9041
ISSNe: 2594-2034
Indizada en: Scimago, Índice Médico Latinoamericano, Lilacs, Medline, Science Citation Index, Ulrich, Ebsco.

Salpingooforectomía bilateral profiláctica en pacientes con BRCA1 o BRCA2

Prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2.

Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2020; 88 (8): 499-507.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v88i8.2838

Amanda Veiga-Fernández,1 María del Sol Luque-Molina,1 Karla Ferreres-García,1 Elsa María Mendizábal-Vicente,1 Patricia Rincón-Olbes,1 Santiago Lizárraga-Bonelli2

1 Adscrito a la sección de Ginecología oncológica.
2 Jefe del servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología.
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.


Corrrespondencia:

Amanda Veiga Fernández
aveigaf11@gmail.com

Debe citarse como:

Veiga-Fernández A, Luque-Molina MS, Ferreres- García K, Mendizábal-Vicente EM, Rincón-Olbes P, Lizárraga-Bonelli S. Salpingooforectomía bilateral profiláctica en pacientes con BRCA1 o BRCA2. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2020; 88 (8): 499-507. https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v88i8.2838

Resumen

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia, factores clínicos o epidemiológicos de cáncer oculto en pacientes BRCA1 o BRCA2 operadas para salpingooforectomía bilateral profiláctica. Evaluar las complicaciones quirúrgicas en las cirugías laparoscópicas.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, llevado a cabo en el Hospital Gregorio Marañón entre 2012 y 2018. Se revisaron las salpingooforectomías bilaterales profilácticas practicadas a pacientes con mutaciones confirmadas BRCA1 o 2, no diagnosticadas previamente de cáncer de ovario o trompa. Las principales variables analizadas fueron: antecedentes familiares, edad, índice de masa corporal, hábito tabáquico, mutación genética, cirugías abdominales previas, cáncer de mama, fecha de la cirugía, tiempo quirúrgico, tipo de cirugía, técnica de entrada a la cavidad abdominal y complicaciones quirúrgicas. El análisis estadístico se efectuó con SPSS 17.0.

RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 59 pacientes. La prevalencia de cáncer oculto fue 5 de 59. La edad media de las pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer oculto en el momento de la cirugía fue 47.8 años. Se encontró antecedente de cáncer de mama en 43 de las 59 pacientes; en este subgrupo se encontró cáncer oculto en 2 pacientes. En el subgrupo sin antecedente de cáncer de mama, la frecuencia fue 3 de 16. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos grupos (p = 0.118). Todas las pacientes a quienes se diagnosticó cáncer oculto, salvo una, eran fumadoras. La tasa de complicaciones intraoperatorias fue 2 de 51 y 1 de 51 las postoperatorias

CONCLUSIONES: Las pacientes con BRCA1 o BRCA2 son un grupo de alto riesgo oncológico que requiere seguimiento y asesoramiento específicos en unidades especializadas de hospitales de tercer nivel de atención.

PALABRAS CLAVE: BRCA1; BRCA2; prevalencia; salpingooforectomía bilateral; laparoscopia; detección de mutaciones; cavidad abdominal; estudios retrospectivos.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of occult cancer in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 patients undergoing prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. To determine associated clinical or epidemiological factors. To evaluate surgical complications in surgeries performed via laparoscopy.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study conducted at the Gregorio Marañón hospital between 2012 and 2018. Review of prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomies performed in patients with confirmed BRCA1 and/or 2 mutations and not previously diagnosed with ovarian and/or fallopian cancer. Main variables: family history, age, body mass index, smoking habit, genetic mutation, previous abdominal surgeries, breast cancer, surgery date, surgical time, type of surgery, technique of the entrance to the abdominal cavity, surgical complications. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0.

RESULTS: 59 patients were included. The prevalence of occult cancer was 5/59. The average age (at the time of surgery) of patients diagnosed with occult cancer was 47.8 years. 43/59 had a history of breast cancer; in this group occult cancer was found in two patients. In the group with no history of breast cancer, frequency of occult cancer was 3/16. No statistically significant differences were found between both groups (p = 0.118). All patients diagnosed with occult cancer, except one, were smokers. The rate of intraoperative complications was 2/51 and 1/51 postoperative.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations are a group of high cancer risk that require specific monitoring and advice in specialized units of third level hospitals.

KEYWORDS: Prevalence; BRCA1; BRCA2; Bilateral salpingo- oophorectomy; Laparoscopy; Cancer mutations; Abdominal cavity; Retrospective studies.

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